Lecture 25

Security Institutions: Progress toward Collective Security?

1. Collective Security vs. Balance of Threat
1. Definition of Collective Security (vs. alliances)
2. Prerequisites for Collective Security:
1. Indivisible threat
1. shared and enough to solve Collective Action Problems (CAPs)
2. future vs. real, distant vs. proximate, other alliances/friendships superseded
   
2. Projection forces
1. diffuse power (vs. hegemonic/GP leadership)
3. Universal membership
1. free riding vs. CAPs
4. Definition of aggression
1. assumes ability to agree
2. simple rules help, favoring sovereignty and status quo
1. (Chechnya?)
3. Concert of Europe
1. Origins/Purpose
2. Events
3. Lessons
4. League of Nations
1. Origins/Purpose
2. Events
3. Lessons
5. United Nations
   
1. Origins/Purpose
2. Events
3. Lessons
4. U.N. Lessons
1. Depends on great power consensus
1. compare to Cold War gridlock
2. Trend toward needing ‘blessing’
5. Other U.N. functions
1. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)
2. Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
   
3. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
4. United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
5. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
6. Economic Organizations
1. Trade
1. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
2. World Trade Organization (WTO)
2. Regional Trading Blocs
1. European Union (EU)
2. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
3. North American Free Trade Agreement. (NAFTA)
3. Lending
1. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
2. World Bank
7. General International Organizations Themes:
1. War is a catalyst
1. but organizations often formed to reduce causes of previous problems
2. Hegemonic leadership and/or consensus marks periods of formation and/or success
3. Institutions, both security and economic, have gotten more complex and powerful over time. Often intertwined.