Brief History of Morocco

A Brief History of Morocco in the Modern Period with reference to the rise of nationalism and feminism

1909-13	War of resistance against Spanish colonialism
March 30, 1912	Treaty of Fez establishing the French protectorate
"France Controls Morocco," Special Cable to The New York Times. March 31, 1912.
1912-36	Guerilla warfare against the French in the Middle Atlas
1920-26	The Rif War, against Spanish and then French colonialism
Nov. 18, 1927	Mohamed Ben Youssouf named Sultan, at the age of seventeen
1930	Moroccan independence movement
1934	French general Guillaume completes “pacification” of the south of Morocco
1937	French repression of nationalist movement, putting its leaders in prison or sending them into exile
1936-39	Palestinian uprising; Spanish civil war
1939-45	World War II
1940-44	Vichy France, after French army defeated by the Germans
1942	Year of the American war/Year of the ration coupon. Americans landed in North Africa (Operation Torch). It was also a year of famine, in which ration coupons were issued for essential supplies
Jan. 22, 1943	US President Franklin D. Roosevelt assures Moroccan king Mohamed V of his support for Moroccan independence
1943	Princess Lalla Aicha gets her primary school certificate
Jan. 11, 1944	Independence Manifesto. Nationalists in Fez make first demand for outright independence from France, and form the Istiqlal (Independence) Party.
1947	Demonstrations in Casablanca against the French bloodily suppressed. Preparation of the armed resistance begins in Casablanca
Apr 11, 1947	Mohamed V gives a speech in Tangier breaking with the French. Princess Lalla Aicha gives a speech calling for the emancipation of women.
1949	Opening of a women’s branch of the Qaraouine University.
1950	French arrest or exile Istiqlal party members
Aug. 20, 1953	French exile King Mohamed V.
Nov. 1, 1954	Armed liberation war begins in Algeria
Aug 20, 1955	Uprisings in Oued Zem, crushed brutally by General Duval and his troops
Oct. 2, 1955	First attacks by Moroccan liberation army on three French garrisons on the Moroccan-Algerian border
Nov. 6, 1955	Mohamed V signs La Celle-St. Cloud agreement with French foreign minister Antoine Pinay to put Mohamed V back on the throne and leading to Moroccan independence
Nov. 16, 1955	Return of King Mohamed V
March 2, 1956	Moroccan Independence
1957-59	Muodouana family law code issued, in stages
1993	Reform of the moudouana. The first two women elected to the Moroccan parliament.

Citation: Afsaruddin, A. (2007, May 03). Brief History of Morocco. Retrieved November 23, 2009, from Notre Dame OpenCourseWare Web site: http://ocw.nd.edu/arabic-and-middle-east-studies/women-in-islamic-societies/lecture-and-study-materials/brief-history-of-morocco.