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Table of lecture notes, by chapter, for Thermodynamics. Prof. Powers' entire collection of Lecture Notes, which also includes an appendix on the method of least squares and an extensive annotated bibliography, may be downloaded in Adobe PDF format.

Notes:

  • All reading assignments are from Borgnakke and Sonntag’s Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, Seventh Edition, John Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2009.
  • Prof. Powers' entire collection of Lecture Notes on Thermodynamics, which also includes an appendix on the method of least squares and an extensive annotated bibliography, may be downloaded in Adobe PDF format (10.4MB).

 

Chapter Title Topics PDF iconLecture Notes Reading Assignment
1 Introduction
  • Preliminary semantics
  • Historical milestones
  • Philosophy of science note
  • Example to illustrate homework solution style
Chapter 1
(1.7 MB)
Chapter 1
2 Some concepts and definitions
  • Thermodynamic system and control volume
  • Macroscopic versus microscopic
  • Properties and state of a substance
  • Processes and cycles
  • Fundamental variables and units
  • Zeroeth law of thermodynamics
  • Secondary variables and units
Chapter 2
(217 kB)
Chapter 2
3 Properties of a pure substance
  • The pure substance
  • Vapor-liquid-solid phase equilibrium
  • Independent properties
  • Thermal equations of state
Chapter 3
(1.7 MB)
Chapter 3
4 Work and heat
  • Mathematical preliminaries: exact differentials
  • Work
  • Heat
Chapter 4
(342 kB)
Chapter 4
EXAM 1
5
The first law of thermodynamics
  • Representations of the first law
  • Specific internal energy for general materials
  • Specific enthalpy for general materials
  • Specific heat capacity
  • Caloric equations of state
  • Time-dependency
  • Final comments on conservation
Chapter 5
(1.4 MB)
Chapter 5
6
First law analysis for a control volume
  • Detailed derivations of control volume equations
  • Mass conservation in brief
  • Energy conservation in brief
  • Some devices
  • Introduction to the Rankine cycle
  • Preview: equations of continuum mechanics
Chapter 6
(2.4 MB)
Chapter 6
7
The second law of thermodynamics
  • Statements of the second law
  • Reversible and irreversible processes
  • Analysis of Carnot heat engines
  • The absolute temperature scale
  • Analysis of Carnot refrigerators and heat pumps
  • Rejected thermal energy on a national scale
Chapter 7
(580 kB)
Chapter 7
8
Entropy
  • Theoretical development
  • Second law in terms of entropy
  • The Gibbs equation
  • Entropy for ideal gases
  • Iso- curves
  • Isentropic relations for an ideal gas
  • Two cycles
  • Entropy of mixing
  • Probabilistic approach to entropy
  • Summary statement of thermodynamics
Chapter 8
(836 kB)
Chapter 8
9
Second  law analysis for a control volume
  • Irreversible entropy production
  • Bernoulli's principle
  • Component efficiency
Chapter 9
(389 kB)
Chapter 9
EXAM 2
10
Cycles
  • Rankine
  • Brayton
  • Refrigeration
Chapter 10
(787 kB)
Chapters 11, 12
11
Mathematical foundations
  • Maxwell relations
  • Two independent variables
  • Legendre transformations
  • Specific heat capacity
  • The van der Waals gas
  • Adiabatic sound speed
  • Introduction to compressible flow
Chapter 11
(1.5 MB)
Sections 14.2-14.6, 17.5, 17.6
FINAL EXAMINATION

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